Ancient Roman Government Notes

The â€Å"common-people† assembly which helped give the citizens more political power Empire- A dominating nation with extensive territories and a powerful ruler Laws of the 12 Tables- Guidelines for citizen’s behavior; a list of Roman customs about property and punishment Mercenary- A soldier who is hired for service in a foreign country Patrician- Member of Rome’s richest and most important families who served on the Senate for life Plebeian- The common person or lower-class citizen Roman Senate- One of the two houses of the early Roman republic Republic- A country run by the elected representatives of its people Tribune- A leader within the Concillum Plebus In 500 B. C the Roman government was forming into a republic; in which the people have the freedom to vote for their leaders. There were two parts, or two houses, to the Roman Republic: the Citizen Assembly and the Senate. The elected officials headed the two councils and they served one-year terms. The republic was established in 509B.C and lasted 500 years. Differences between the Greek and Roman governments: In Greece all men were allowed to vote In Rome only men with money/property could vote The Senate was the most powerful part of the government; all senators were patricians. To obtain political rights, the common people (Plebeians) formed their own assembly, the Concillum Plebus and named their leaders tribunes. Establishing peace and order gave Rome stability: Rome’s first code of law was established in 450B. C. On ten tablets, ten legal experts wrote down a list of Roman customs about property and punishment. However, due to plebeian pressure, two more tablets were added to satisfy them. The final code was called the Laws of the Twelve Tables. By the end of the third century Roman law covered issues dealing with foreigners and eventually covered magisterial law to strengthen and correct existing law. The Roman Empire took its first steps of dominance in 27B. C when the law’s development was taken over by the emperors, who added and revised freely. As the law got more complex, the government had to literally train jurists who could understand and interpret the laws. The stability of the law, the military, and financial standing of Rom kept it powerful. Rome successfully battled the Carthaginians, the Celtics(British), the Etruscans, and the Samnites. The Roman Empire was established around 27B. C. The empire spanned three continents. The empire was divided into states that were ruled by governors who collected taxes and sent money back to Rome.

Lenses Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Lenses - Research Paper Example Whenever a lens is surrounded by air, refraction of light takes place from the air into the lens, crossing through the lens and then refracting back into the air. Each refraction can lead to a change in the direction of light travel. There are two types of lenses, converging lenses, and diverging lenses. A converging lens is one that causes light rays that were initially parallel to the central axis to converge, while a diverging lens is one that causes such light rays to diverge. When an object is placed in front of any of the two types of lenses, light rays that can refract either into or out of the lens from the object to produce an image of the object. A lens can produce an object image only because it can bend light rays, but it can only do this only if its refraction index is different from that of the surrounding medium (Halliday, Resnick & Walker, 936). The single spot to which light rays that have been refracted by a lens are converging is known as the focal point. The dista nce from the lens to the focal point, often denoted by the letter f, is called the focal length. Every lens has its own focal length that forms its defining characteristic. A lens can have either a positive or a negative focal length, depending on the side of the lens on which an object is placed. When the focal point of a lens is on the opposite side of the lens from where an object is placed, the resulting focal length is positive. On the other hand, when the focal point is on the same side as the object, the focal length is negative. While these terminologies are useful convections used by scientists and engineers to characterize lenses as well as mirrors, they contain no real physical meanings (Kirkpatrick & Gregory, 367). Both converging and diverging lenses form different types of images, depending on where the object is placed. When an object is placed inside the focal point, the lens forms a virtual image that is on the same side of the lens as the object, and having the sam e orientation. Thus, a converging lens can form two types of images, real or virtual, depending on whether the object is placed inside or outside of the focal point. In the case of a diverging lens, the image formed is virtual that is on the same side of the lens as the object, and contains the same orientation. This is regardless of the object distance and whether it is placed inside or outside of the focal point. Just like in the case of mirrors, when the image is real the image distance is taken to be positive while when the image is virtual it is taken to be negative. However, the location from lenses of real and virtual images are the reverse of those belonging to mirrors. Real images form on the lens side that is opposite the object, while virtual images form on the side that the object is located (Benenson, 358). There are lens systems that are arrangements of a correction of lenses that have a common optical axis, and are mostly applied in the correction of image defects tha t are present in single lenses. If the positions of the principal planes of the single lens are known together with their total focus, then it is possible for an optical image to be constructed for a lens system. The image construction is similar with that of thick lens if there are only two principal planes. In addition to lens systems, there are lenses with

Kurt Vonnegut During World War II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Kurt Vonnegut During World War II - Essay Example After the war, Vonnegut attended the University of Chicago as a graduate student in anthropology and also worked at the City News Bureau of Chicago. He described his work there in the late 1940s in terms that could have been used by almost any other City Press reporter of any era: "Well, the Chicago City News Bureau was a tripwire for all the newspapers in town when I was there, and there were five papers, I think. We were out all the time around the clock and every time we came across a really juicy murder or scandal or whatever, they’d send the big time reporters and photographers, otherwise, they’d run our stories. So that’s what I was doing, and I was going to university at the same time." Vonnegut admitted that he was a poor anthropology student, with one professor remarking that some of the students were going to be professional anthropologists and he was not one of them. According to Vonnegut in Bagombo Snuff Box, the university rejected his first thesis o n the necessity of accounting for the similarities between Cubist painters and the leaders of late 19th Century Native American uprisings, saying it was unprofessional. He left Chicago to work in Schenectady, New York, in public relations for General Electric, where his brother Bernard worked in the research department. Vonnegut was a technical writer but was also known for writing well past his typical hours while working. While in Schenectady, Vonnegut lived in the tiny hamlet of Alplaus, just across the Mohawk River from the city of Schenectady.

The Desert :: essays research papers

The human heart not only supplies life but it also represents feelings and emotions. In the Desert uses intense imagery to paint a vivid picture while also using point of view and symbolism to send a message about human emotion and feelings. Although this poem is brief it contains a very powerful point about the human heart and emotions. This poem appears to be written by a person that has just lost a loved one, although this poem does not seem to be about death. The poem opens with the image of a "naked" beast alone in a "desert". This paints an interesting image in the mind of the reader, but it also has a deeper meaning. This "beast" of a man was deserted and left alone by someone that he was obviously deeply in love with. He has lost all direction and purpose in his life. The author uses the point of view of the speaker to show just how pathetic this creature is. The speaker feels bad for the beast and attempts to speak to it, seemingly out of pity. He even calls the hopeless animal his "friend". This leads me to believe that maybe the creature is just an extension of the speaker, the part of him that cannot let go of an important love. In the Desert is a poem that is symbolic of the way people react when their "hearts are broken". The heart, in this instance, represents love and happiness. When the man loses this love he feels as though his heart has been wrenched from his chest and devoured by a monster (that represents his current emotional state). The man is broken, battered and left to fend for himself. He is also filled with resentment and anger as is made evident by his "bitter-bitter" heart. This whole scenario represents the dependence of man on the love of another and his state of total denial and sadness when it is taken from him. The only beam of hope that I could find in this poem is when the man says that he likes his heart despite its bitterness.

Musical Analysis; Comparing ‘Tonight’ with ‘Maria’; West Side Story.

Comparing Tonight with Maria (Both from ‘West side story’) (Tonight also known as balcony scene – Tony and Maria sing together. Maria – sang by Tony. ) The piece ‘Tonight’ begins in B maj; it opens with Tony stating â€Å"the most beautiful sound I ever heard† this is sang in a very recitative style; mainly monotone (D) – rubato. This makes his words seem the prominent element – stressing the drama. The gentile bassoon plays a descending line – while the horn plays a simplified version ~ this ‘decent’ becomes a theme in Tony and Maria’s relationship. It also plunges Toney into a dream world. This opening line leads swiftly on to the theme of ‘Maria’. Throughout the song there are many variations on ‘Maria’ – however the first time (bar 28) a perfect 4th is used between the ‘Ma + ‘ri’; the ‘a’ is a dissonant – yet is warmed by the sound of the horn (emphasising the ri-a). The instrumentation is thin here- mainly heterophonic , working with the triplets which diminish the rhythm and increase the tension. In bar 4; the ‘a’ of Maria is resolved on to a D (rather than an E) – this is a descending min 3rd, however the oboe doesn’t resolve- this creates anticipation and leads the music on demonstrating that the song is to grow- reflecting Tony’s feelings for Maria- yet clashing slightly and creating an element of pain- foreshadowing the ‘later’ tragedy. From bar 8, on to bar 9; After the sequential transformation ‘up a tone’ in bar 8 the music changes again as if onto an ‘Aria’ section. It does so on the ‘Ma’ to the ‘ri’ – The ‘ri’ is sang on an A natural (appoggatura) –making a dim 5th. The instrumentation thickens here, timps and double bass are also added , the bass plays pizz, and its rhythm goes slightly Latin – similar to much of the dance music throughout the musical – and all this creates a colourful image in the listeners head – reflecting the image of Maria in Tony’s head. Bar 15; Instrumentation thickens here as the clarinets, Horns, and trumpets are added, as the music progresses, bar 17; the oboes are added. In bars 18 and 19 there are two descending lines linking and building up to the 6th variation of ‘Maria’; the flute is added in bar 19, and the trombones are added in bar 20. Full orchestration on the 6th variation of Maria; this variation of Maria is a descending phrase, as it moves down a tone each time: Also rhythmically augmented. Middle syllable is an appoggiatura. {draw:frame} The phrase continues to descend with â€Å"say it loud and there’s music playing†. There is also a diminuendo in bar 23 and the violins take on a more prominent role – this makes the music seem more romantic and soft, Bernstein has used word painting here as Tony describes Maria’s name as soft â€Å"almost like praying†, plus on the word ‘praying’ there’s a per5th. In bar 28, the 6th in-between the ‘ri +a’ _(like the 1st version of Maria, but last note turned upside down)_ becomes a countermelody, the theme is played in the contrabass; this constant repeat of ‘Maria’ demonstrates Tony’s worship for her. In bar 48, the theme is demonstrated in thicker texture again – it leads to an operatic recitative style line from Tony ppp (while the accompaniment is simply semibreves) far from the ‘Latin style dance atmosphere’ demonstrated previously. {draw:frame} Finally in Bar 51 there is one more variation of ‘Maria’ – reminiscent of the first version – but with a per5th (ma-ri), the ‘a’(G) is held for about the last two bars; underneath this, an Eb is held making the ‘a’ sound like a discord. This creates a certain pain about the last note – foreshadowing future events, suggesting that its all going to end with pain. The balcony scene also begins in Bmaj – and opens with a descending line, reminiscent of ‘Maria’ – linking the two songs and making the ‘descending line’ a theme in their relationship. In bar 3 the theme from Maria is echoed in the violins. This opening piece of music (1-29) is very important; it acts as an underscore – reminiscing previous songs, as it gently continues and goes through many temporary modulations. In Bar 30 the vocals begin; (Only Maria sings) the instrumentation is thin – with violins holding sustained notes creating a tense, hesitant yet romantic atmosphere. The descending line theme ‘augmented’ in the bass. The tempo is marked as andantino, little faster – as the tension increases. All this forces the vocal melody to be exposed, (making the soloistmore important) demonstrating their vulnerability and innocence. At bar 32 a contrabass is added, marked pizz, – this adds an amazing gently pulsating, heartbeat rhythmical effect – creating much excitement; reflecting their emoticons. draw:frame} The vocal melody is still very exposed and prominent as it rises above the accompaniment in broken chords. In bar 37 Tony sings alone, as he says â€Å"Maria† there is a perfect5th between the ‘Ma-ri’ like the actual song, ‘Maria’ – again linking the two songs. Maria then sings solo, for one bar only, she re peats his name twice – echoing his actions, this makes the duet seem more conversational – enhancing the drama. Bar 42; Allegretto – always a little faster, the heart beat rhythm is still present – retaining the excited and heightened emoticons.

Security Risk Management Plan Essay - 2013 Words

SECURITY RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN Prepared by Jeremy Davis Version control Project title | Security Risk Management Plan Draft | Author | Jeremy Davis | VC | 1.0 | Date | 25/10/10 | Contents Executive summary 4 Project purpose 5 Scope of Risk management 5 Context and background 5 Assumptions 5 Constraints 5 Legislation/Standards/Policies 6 Risk management 6 Identification of risk 7 Analysis of risk 8 Risk Category 9 Review of Matrix 9 Action plan 9 Testing Procedures 11 Maintenance 11 Scheduling 11 Implementation 12 Training 12 Milestones 12 Monitoring and review 13 Definition 13 Authorisation 14 Reference 15 Executive summary A Security Risk Management Plan (SRMP) helps CBS†¦show more content†¦This is achieved through the assessment of the business, operations, staff, assets, risks, legislations, standards and policies. Context and background Definition of Risk management The analysing of risks and implementation of risk controls to minimise and prevent risks from occurring to the business. Assumptions Assumptions must be identified that the business may be working to understand and gather more information. Assumptions are what the project team have expected to have or be made available throughout the program. * SMRP approved * SMRP implemented strategies are tested and is successful * SMRP meets requirements Constraints Constraints are usually a list in which provides the limitations and restrictions that the project team may encounter. * Budget issues * Must check if plan meets legislations, standards and policies * Approval of Security risk management plan may delay * Implementation of strategies Legislation/Standards/Policies When considering risk management, you must state legal and regulatory framework. You must identify in order to follow and meet the requirements for the Security Risk Management Plan * ‘Australian /New Zealand Risk Management 4360 1999’ * Standard ISO/IEC 27002 Information technology — Code of practice for information security management * Standard ISO/IEC 27004 Information technology — InformationShow MoreRelatedThe Risks Of Long Distance Human Spaceflight1426 Words   |  6 Pagesspaceflight, the risk management plan in correspondence must prepare the crew members before and during the mission, for risks which may or may not occur, in the isolated confines of space. Specifically, the risks of meteoroid impacts, malnutrition, and contamination were observed and their effects on the psychological and physical health of the crew members was detailed. Only meteoroid impacts are singularly and in transit risk, while both malnutrition and contamination are constant risks due to the humanRead MoreCase Study : Area Risk Assessment862 Words   |  4 PagesITGC Area Risk Assessment IT Management Low Systems Development Low Data Security Medium Change Management Low Business Continuity Planning High Alexandra DeHaven IT General Controls ITGC Area Summary of Issue Strength or Weakness IT Management FFC has an IT strategic plan Strength IT Management FFC has an IT Steering Committee Strength IT Management VP Information Security reports to CIO Weakness IT Management FFC plan matches IT plan Strength IT Management VP Applications reports to CIORead MoreRisk Management Project Part 1 Task 1602 Words   |  3 PagesTony Stark Risk Management Project Part 1 Task 1 Introduction A risk management plan is important for any business or organization regardless of the business’s or organization’s size. In the case of the Defense Logistics Information Service (DLIS), a risk management plan is critical in making sure the data that DLIS handles is protected. Loss or stolen information from DLIS can affect military assets. A plan needs to be made to be able to follow procedures in the event of an incidentRead MoreQuestions On Information Security System1271 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion 1: What is information security? Answer: Information Security is the practice of defending (guiding) information by considering the CIA Triad Principles which are Confidentiality (Authorize access), Integrity (Accuracy and Completeness) and Availability. Question 2: How is the CNSS model of information security organized? Answer: The Committee on National Security System (CNSS) is organize by considering the secure system attributes known as CIA triangle which extend the relationship amongRead MoreApplying Risk Management Essay923 Words   |  4 PagesApplying Risk Management Steve Panaghi University of Phoenix CMGT/430 March 31th, 2013 David Fedorchak Risk Assessment and control deals with identifying, analyzing, and planning all types or risks. It must also account for any newly rising risks and keep track of them and what they can do to a system. This paper will explain some possible risks and how to avoid them, but only as an example that can be extrapolated to the entire concept of Risk Management. It will also cover ideas thatRead MoreMain Purpose of security management1499 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ The Main Purpose of Security Management and Security Measures must be Commensurate with the Threat For us to identify security management we first have to breakdown the meaning of security management because one person’s ideology of security can be totally different to someone else’s, therefore to define security in Latin (secura with care) basically translates to be free from danger. To need security management we first have to identify a threat because without a threat we can’t fully understandRead MoreThe Federal Information Security Management Act1089 Words   |  5 Pages The Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA) Dayne Dickson Bellevue University The Federal Information Management Act Regulations are rules imposed by governments on companies, and individuals to ensures that society is protected. These safeguards can include protections for better and cheaper services and goods, as well as the protection of firms from â€Å"unfair† (and fair) competition, cleaner water and air, and safer workplaces and products (Litan, 2016, para. 2). In today’s information-drivenRead MoreInformation Systems Security Survey Essay1206 Words   |  5 Pages Information Systems Security Survey CSIA 303 Assignment 1 University of Maryland University College October 10, 2014 Information Systems Security Survey The University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC) is an institution that was built back in the 19th century. UNMC’s mission is to improve the health of Nebraska through premier educational programs, innovative research, the highest quality patient care, and outreach to underserved populations (UNMC, 2004). As an institution withRead MoreU.s. Department Of Homeland Security1668 Words   |  7 Pages1. Purpose Among one of the missions of The U.S. Department of Homeland Security is to protect and preserve the security of the Cyberspace in the country. The principal objective of this Security Plan is to give instructions and direction for the Department’s workers and help the Homeland Security to create best practices and strategies in the IT security system. 2. Scope This policy needs to be applied to all users, employees, contractors, suppliers and to all IT resources such as e-mails, filesRead MoreThe Current Service Level Agreement1223 Words   |  5 Pagesreviewing the current Service Level Agreement (SLA) between Finman Account Management, LLC, Datanal Inc, and Minertek, evidence was found that security standards necessary to protect all parties were not addressed within the body of document. The following information technology security standards are recommended to protect all parties involved and should be applied to the SLA in this case. For Finman Account Management, the chief concern is to provide guidelines within the SLA that address data

The Texas Juvenile Justice System Essay - 2076 Words

Abstract Juvenile justice settings were not designed as sites for comprehensive psychological and psychiatric treatment of adolescents’ mental disorders. At national, state, and local levels, there is increasing recognition of the importance of identifying and responding to the mental health needs of youths in the juvenile justice system, as policymakers and practitioners struggle to find ways to address causes and correlates of juvenile crime and delinquency. The proposed guidelines for mental health assessment provide explicit information about how, why, and when to obtain mental health information on justice youths at each important juncture in processing. Introduction The Texas juvenile justice system is comprised of 166 juvenile probation departments serving all 254 Texas counties. Approximately 98% of youth in the Texas juvenile justice system are provided services through their local probation departments. These departments and residential facilities provide numerous services, but only a small number of facilities offer programs and housing for mental health juvenile offenders. Many public officials, officers, educational staff and those dealing with juvenile offenders are typically quick to label a juvenile as a typical behavioral issue. This is normally the case but in recent years data has showed that†¦ â€Å"Of the new admissions in 2014, there were 54% who presented with at psychiatric diagnosis, indicating a need for mental health care.† Certified peace officers,Show MoreRelatedThe Texas Juvenile Justice System Essay3102 Words   |  13 PagesAbstract Juvenile justice settings, especially in Texas, were not designed as sites for comprehensive psychological and psychiatric treatment of adolescents’ mental disorders. On national, state, and local levels there has been a major increase in the interest of mental health needs within the juvenile justice system. Evidence-based research and data has become more available with societies interest into this matter. A continuous struggle with Texas policymakers and officials is identifying andRead MoreA Case of Juvenile Justice Essays1116 Words   |  5 PagesCharlie – A Case in Juvenile Justice Melissa Thomas CJ420 – Juvenile Justice Prof. Amy Ng December 4, 2012 Abstract Children are gifts from above and need guidance and love. If either one is absent then they are at risk of becoming juvenile offenders or career criminals. The juvenile justice system has many players that facilitate the tools for a juvenile to use an offense as a learning experience. The juvenile encounters three important individuals; the juvenile police officer, probationRead MoreShould The Texas Criminal Justice System Be Legal?1375 Words   |  6 Pages Texas has always been known to have a strict criminal justice system. The justice system in Texas used to hang criminals for serious crimes they were convicted of doing. Texas has never been faced with the question we face them with today. Should the Texas criminal justice system be able to charge juveniles as adults in trials when faced with serious charges? Prosecutors are using both sides of this argument to their advantage. In Texas, the Juvenile Law states that, â€Å"a juvenile is defined as aRead MoreDeterminate Sentencing: Last Chance in Texas Essay1325 Words   |  6 Pagesbecoming more popular in juvenile courts. It is a special statute that allows for the possibility of a juvenile serving a sentence beyond the age of 21. It specifically covers certain violent offenses and drug cases, like murder, capital murder, sexual assault, and indecency with a child. Aggravated controlled substances cases are also covered (TYC website). The alternative to determinate sentencing is blended sentencing, which allows judges to issue delinquent offenders both juvenile and adult dispositionsRead MoreEssay on The Texas Judicial System1414 Words   |  6 PagesThe Texas Judicial System The Texas Judicial System The Texas judicial system has been called one of the most complex in the United States, if not the world. It features five layers of courts, several instances of overlapping jurisdiction, and a bifurcated appellate system at the top level. The structure of the system is laid out in Article 5 of the Texas Constitution. The Texas Supreme Court and Texas Court of Appeals has a bifurcated appellate system at the highest level. Civil case appealsRead MoreJuvenile Courts Essay1689 Words   |  7 PagesJuvenile Courts in United States Persons aged below 18 years are regarded as underage and when they break the law they are not charged in the adult courts. They are charged in the young offender courts which are also called Juvenile courts. For an offender to be eligible for juvenile court, he or she must be under the state’s laws categorized as a juvenile. The age of 18 years is the maximum age at which an offender can use juvenile courts. The applicable age in a few states is 16 or 17 years, whileRead MoreJuvenile Justice And Delinquency Prevention Act Of 19741625 Words   |  7 PagesA juvenile or â€Å"youthful inmate† as defined by the Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 (PREA) is any person under the age of eighteen who is under adult-court supervision and incarcerated or detained in a prison or jail. While PREA defines a juvenile as under the age of eighteen the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (JJDPA) allows the states to set their own definition of a juvenile (Lahey). T his discrepancy in the definition of a juvenile has caused problems and slow progressRead MoreWhy Juveniles Should Not Be Legal1254 Words   |  6 Pages Juvenile Crimes in the United States Nachamada Roya Simon 250798336 SOC 2206B Section 570 March 8 2016 Professor Catherine Gelinas Introduction The proposed study is a cross-sectional research about why juveniles should not be put to trial and convicted in adult court and the factors that affect why they would be convicted in adult courts. The study would be conducted in two parts with both quantitative and qualitative methods. The first part of the study would be conducted in a juvenileRead MoreCompassion Impacts Wayward Youth1619 Words   |  7 PagesJuvenile court systems developed in Chicago based on the patriarchal premise that a tough compassionate judge could impact the lives of wayward youths. However, politicians changed this with â€Å"tough on crime† policies for election. Many juvenile criminals became labeled as â€Å"superpredators† and were thus deemed beyond any help and were tried as adults. Fortunately, not everyone in the criminal system believes that juvenile criminals are beyond help. Some of the people that believe that there isRead MoreLast Chance in Texas: The Redemption of Crimina l Youth1424 Words   |  6 Pages1. Name and quick summary of book: Last Chance in Texas: The Redemption of Criminal Youth, by John Hubner, follows Hubner as he observes the â€Å"worst of the worst† juvenile offenders at Giddings State School. This treatment program is truly a â€Å"last chance† for may of the adolescents there – their last chance to change the direction of their lives before ending up in jail. Hubner takes the reader through a gripping and emotional journey as the teenagers go through the Capitol Offenders group and